Shakespeare sonnet 55 (ترجمه غزل 55 شکسپیر)

[Angel]

Sonnet LV

Not marble, nor the gilded monuments
Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rhyme;
But you shall shine more bright in these contents
Than unswept stone besmear'd with sluttish time.
When wasteful war shall statues overturn,
And broils root out the work of masonry,
Nor Mars his sword nor war's quick fire shall burn
The living record of your memory.
'Gainst death and all-oblivious enmity
Shall you pace forth; your praise shall still find room
Even in the eyes of all posterity
That wear this world out to the ending doom.

So, till the judgment that yourself arise,
You live in this, and dwell in lover's eyes.

source:shakespeare-online.com

[Angel]

Paraphrase of Sonnet 55

The Paraphrase of the Sonnet 55

Not marble, nor the gold-plated shrines
Of princes shall outlive the power of poetry;
You shall shine more bright in these verses
Than on dust-covered gravestones, ravaged by time.
When devastating war shall overturn statues,
And conflicts destroy the mason's handiwork,
the cause of war (Mars) nor the effects of war (fire) shall destroy
The living record of your memory (this poem).
Against death and destruction, which render people forgotten,
Shall you push onward; praise of you will always find a place,
Even in the eyes of future generations
That survive until the end of humanity.

For thinking of your love brings such happiness
You live in this poetry, and people will continue to love you.

source: shakespeare-online.com

[Angel]

Analysis

Not marble, nor the gilded monuments (line 1) This line is likely an allusion to the lavish tombs of English royalty; in particular, to the tomb of Henry VII in Westminster Abbey, which contains a large sarcophagus made of black marble with gilded effigies of King Henry and his queen, Elizabeth of York.
with sluttish time (line 4) i.e., by filthy time.
In Elizabethan England the word "sluttish" could describe either a sexually promiscuous woman or a grubby, unkempt woman. Here Shakespeare personifies Time as the latter.
all-oblivious enmity (line 9) i.e., the war and decay that would render the subject of the poem forgotten.

Sonnet 55 is one of Shakespeare's most famous works and a noticeable deviation from other sonnets in which he appears insecure about his relationships and his own self-worth. Here we find an impassioned burst of confidence as the poet claims to have the power to keep his friend's memory alive evermore.

Some critics argue that Shakespeare's sudden swell of pride in his poetry was strictly artificial - a blatant attempt to mimic the style of the classical poets. "It is difficult on any other hypothesis to reconcile the inflated egotism of such a one as 55 with the unassuming dedications to the Venus and Lucrece, 1593 and 1594, or with the expressions of humility found in the sonnets themselves, e.g. 32 and 38".

However, many believe that such an analysis ignores Shakespeare's paramount desire to immortalize his friend in verse, and not himself (as was the motive of most classical poets). "The Romans say: Because of my poem I will never die. Shakespeare says: Because of my poem you will never die....What distinguishes Shakespeare is that he values the identity of the beloved; he recognizes that the beloved has his own personal immortality, in no way dependent on poetry". By focusing on the word live, Shakespeare uses the language itself to emphasize his authorial intentions. Notice the word choices of outlive (2), living (8), oblivious (9), and live (14).

source:shakespeare-online.com

[Angel]

غزل 55

نه مرمر و نه قصر زر اندود شهان است
کان بهتر از این شعر من است و جاودان است
در شعر من آن مهر وجودت چو درخشد
رخشان تر از آن سنگ سیاه قصر خان است
وقتی که به جنگ پیکر سنگی واژگون است
هر سنگ بنا طعمه خشم بی امان است
نابودی شعرم که پر از خاطره توست
نه در کف بهرام* و نه با آتش آن است
بر ضد فنا و خصم جاهل قدمی نِه
زین راه، ستایشت به نزد همگان است:
آنان که جوانند و ز بعد تو بیایند
وان نسل که پایان ده این کهنه جهان است
پس تا به قیامت که تو از گور بخیزی
جای تو به شعر من و چشم عاشقان است


"برگردان به فارسی: بهنام مقدم (م.رها)"

*بهرام یا مارس (Mars) که یونانی ها به آن Ares می گفتند، در اسطوره شناسی روم باستان خدای جنگ و مظهر خشونت و نبرد به شمار می رود.